The rule of thirds is a "rule of thumb" or guideline which applies to the process of composing visual images such as designs, films, paintings, and photographs.
The rule of thirds is applied by aligning a subject with the guide lines and their intersection points, placing the horizon on the top or bottom line, or allowing linear features in the image to flow from section to section. The main reason for observing the rule of thirds is to discourage placement of the subject at the centre, or prevent a horizon from appearing to divide the picture in half.
When filming or photographing people, it is common to line the body up to a vertical line and the person's eyes to a horizontal line. If filming a moving subject, the same pattern is often followed, with the majority of the extra room being in front of the person (the way they are moving). Likewise, when photographing a still subject who is not directly facing the camera, the majority of the extra room should be in front of the subject (leading space) with the vertical line running through their perceived centre of mass.
Below is a video explaining the rule of thirds...
The Golden Ratio
The Golden Ratio is found in architecture, paintings, sculptures and even music. An impressive array of infinite uniformity is all around us, and human kind has intuitively cued into this harmony through the arts as our own way of reflecting and resonating with the divine.
Below is a video explaining the difference between The Golden Ratio and The Rule of Thirds...
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